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The history of Gadsden County, Florida's octagonal-shaped Malachi Martin House is intertwined into the history of Florida's first penitentiary. Martin was born in Ireland about 1823 and was a merchant in New York City at the beginning of the Civil War. He was an officer in the Union Army, serving in New Orleans, Louisiana and Key West, Florida. Following the war, the State of Florida began using the old arsenal property at Chattahoochee, Gadsden County, for a state penitentiary. Malachi Martin, one of Florida's leading carpetbaggers during Reconstruction, was made the warden of the prison. The state prison in Chattahoochee came to an abrupt end in 1877 after Martin was found using inmate labor for personal gain. A new state prison was built about this same time in northeast Florida.
Martin had 200 acres of land five miles east of Chattahoochee in the present day Old Mt. Pleasant community. In about 1870, with the use of prison labor, he built an octagon-shaped house, which he named The Hermitage, and a vineyard and winery. Much of his wine was shipped to New York.
In 1872, Martin was elected to the Florida House of Representatives and was Speaker of the House in 1874.
Malachi Martin continued to live at The Hermitage and died there on August 29, 1884. He is buried on Long Island, New York.
In the 1970s, the house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The octagonal-shaped house stood for over 100 years and was torn down by its owner in 1984.
For further information, see: Career of a "Carpetbagger": Malachi Martin in Florida by Mildred L. Fryman; The Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 56, No. 3 (Jan. 1978); Published by: Florida Historical Society.
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Sources: R. Kline.
L. Kestenbaum.
Dale Travis provides the photograph.
Entered: July, 2002.
Updated: May, 2004.
Key West. Octagon house. Built about 1890. Located at 620 Dey Street. two blocks to the northwest of Peacon House. Similar to the Peacon House although different rooflines. Klein house comes to a peak, whereas the Dey House has a gabled roofline with vent.. The house is still there. It is on the Sanborn map of 1899 and not shown on the 1892 map. It is now listed as multifamily and was sold in 2000 for $650,000. Unknown who built the house.
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